Effective protection measures are essential in settings like industrial and medical facilities where X-ray radiation is common. Using baritic plaster is one of the most dependable fixes. The purpose of this specialized plaster is to protect patients and employees from harmful X-ray emissions.
Barium sulfate is the heavy ingredient in baritic plaster, and it has good radiation-absorbing capabilities. This material creates a shield that greatly lowers radiation penetration when it is applied to walls and ceilings. This helps preserve the integrity of sensitive materials and equipment in addition to protecting people.
It is both economical and practical to use baritic plaster. It is an easy addition to new constructions or renovations because it can be applied similarly to traditional plaster. Furthermore, its longevity guarantees long-term protection without requiring regular upkeep or replacement.
The need for efficient radiation shielding materials, such as baritic plaster, is rising as radiation risks become more widely recognized. We can create safer environments that minimize exposure to X-ray radiation and promote health and well-being for all occupants by incorporating this material into building designs.
- Baritic plaster – what is it
- The scope of the plaster
- The components of the barite plaster
- Cement
- Barite
- Fillers and additives
- The procedure for preparing the mixture
- Properties and technical characteristics
- Sanitary requirements for the application of baritic plaster
- Manufacturers of finished mixtures
- Advantages and disadvantages of baritic plaster
- Packaging and storage
- Consumption and calculation of the number of plaster
- How to cook barite plaster yourself
- The technology of plastering surfaces
- Work with walls
- Methodology for pouring baritic plaster with a thick layer
- Writing from boards
- Paul protection
- Purrender of the ceiling
- Recommendations for the application and operation of baritic mixtures
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Baritic plaster – what is it
Baritic plaster, also known as X-ray protection plaster, is a unique material that shields buildings and their occupants from gamma radiation from X-rays and is a good substitute for lead plates. Barite plasters are typically offered for sale as dry cement-based building mixtures with ground barium concentrate (barity) added as an X-ray shielding material. These plasters are commonly used in areas where there is a discernible increase in radiation levels because of their ease of installation and high efficiency.
The scope of the plaster
Not too long ago, costly lead plates were used all over to protect people from dangerous radiation. Now, a baritic plaster is used more frequently to lessen the effects of radiation.
The following are the primary types of locations where it can be used:
- medical rooms for computed tomography, x -ray diagnostics;
- dental offices;
- warehouse complexes for storing radioactive waste, elements and other radiation sources;
- research laboratories;
- industrial enterprises where radioactive substances are used;
- Any companies that have a gamma-ray of gamut technique.
Even the walls and ceilings of residential buildings in industrial zones or susceptible to ionizing radiation can be decorated with baritic building mixtures. Nevertheless, you must use a regular solution because barit is toxic when applied over such a finish.
The components of the barite plaster
The foundation of baritic plaster is Portland cement of a specific brand, just like in standard mixtures. Plasticizers, additional additives, and a barito-containing component are also included in the mixture.
Cement
The Portland cement brands M300–M500 are most frequently used to manufacture the solution, and M500 provides the best results. The baritic component of low-minor cement is unconnected, causing the completed layer to crumble and crack as it is applied. Magnesium cement is added to plaster in place of Portland cement if a quicker drying time is needed, without regard to the plaster’s moisture resistance. Cement-barite and magnesial-barite plasters are separated based on the type of cement used.
Barite
Baritic sand, a mineral that is a sulfate of barium with a formula of BASO4, is the active ingredient in plaster that provides protection against harmful radiation. It can take the form of sand or granules with a fraction of less than 1.25 mm. The sand grain size can increase with the thickness of the purported plaster layer.
Very fine dust is rarely used because it is less effective and harmful to the body. In actuality, dust is only useful for shielding structures from ambient natural radiation. There could be 85–95% baritic sand in the mixture. The finished plaster is fairly heavy due to its specific gravity of 4.48 kg/cube cm and its white color.
Fillers and additives
Plasticizing agents are added to the solution to facilitate application and surface leveling. Various polymers have different functions in factory plasters. Plasticizers such as PVA glue (less than 3% of the total mass) can be used at home.
The procedure for preparing the mixture
About 200 milliliters of water are added to every kilogram of powder in the completed plaster, which is already dry, in order to establish the composition. Water is added until the mixture starts to take on the consistency of thick sour cream, if the product was mixed separately.
Properties and technical characteristics
The primary characteristic shared by all varieties of baritic plasters is their capacity to contain dangerous x-ray and gamma radiation. The following are the typical technical specifications of baritic plasters:
- Color – gray or white;
- binder – cement;
- minimum layer thickness – 0.5 cm;
- moisture -conducting ability – up to 90%;
- the time of application of finished plaster is less than 2 hours;
- Radiation safety norm – grade 1;
- drying time (depending on the thickness of the layer) – from 7 hours;
- combustibility class – NG.
For settings like hospitals and labs, baritic plaster is a specialty building material that provides radiation protection from X-rays. Barium sulfate, an ingredient in this plaster, effectively blocks X-rays, protecting patients and employees alike. Applying baritic plaster to walls and ceilings not only makes it simple to integrate into current construction processes, but it also produces a safe barrier that satisfies regulatory standards for radiation protection. Facilities can uphold high safety standards without sacrificing structural integrity or aesthetics by employing baritic plaster.
Sanitary requirements for the application of baritic plaster
Because X-ray protection plaster is a unique substance intended to safeguard both life and health, it must be applied precisely in compliance with legal regulations. Each of them has a SanPin registration number of 2.6.1.1192–03, and the proper layer thickness design is assigned the primary role. When making calculations, the so-called lead equivalent—an indicator showing how the thickness of the lead plaster layer corresponds to a specific ionizing radiation—and the capacity of X-ray radiation are taken into consideration.
Below are estimated indicators:
Layer of plaster, mm | The equivalent thickness of the lead leaf, mm |
10-11 | 1 |
20-21 | 2 |
29-30 | 3 |
35-37 | 4 |
When designing, one must carefully review the equipment’s technical documentation and assess the radiation power. Should a different piece of equipment be installed in the room later on, all modifications are coordinated with the supervisory authorities and recalculated and repaired accordingly.
Manufacturers of finished mixtures
The plaster of the Fullmix baritopian brand from the company "Runin" is the most well-liked and among the best on the market. It is frequently utilized in the organization of storage spaces, X-ray cans, and building houses. The material is strong, flexible, and resistant to moisture, and it is produced at a reasonable cost.
The following are other brands of mixtures that have X-ray protection qualities:
- "Alfalpol shtt barity";
- Sorel Barit M150;
- "Real Barit";
- "Armor";
- "Rosi";
- "Hydro".
Advantages and disadvantages of baritic plaster
There are several clear benefits to using baritic plaster:
- reflection of ionizing radiation, protection of human health;
- low cost of finishing compared to the price of lead plates;
- accessibility in the construction market;
- ease of application;
- strength and durability of the coating;
- The possibility of establishing a mixture with your own hands.
Such a plaster has drawbacks as well. Formwork must be completed beforehand if a large thickness plaster layer needs to be applied. Since barity is a toxic material, handling it requires close attention to safety precautions. Additional drawbacks
- the need for the creation of the finish coating;
- only manual application;
- significant mass of the layer;
- The need to reinforce plaster.
Packaging and storage
The material is usually applied in 25 kg thick paper bags. Storage shelter: 12 to 24 months after the manufacturing date.
Consumption and calculation of the number of plaster
The lead equivalent is used to determine the minimum thickness of the protective layer, and manufacturers always include the relevant information in the instructions for their particular plaster.
Depending on the brand, the amount of mixture used per square meter can vary, but on average 40–47 kg with a 1 cm layer thickness are used. An X-ray cabinet needs to have a plaster layer (20–21 mm) or a lead plate (2 mm thick) mounted. In such circumstances, 80–92 kg of funds will be used per square meter. To calculate the total consumption, multiply the given numbers by the area of the wall.
How to cook barite plaster yourself
You can make barric plaster at home because all the ingredients you need are readily available in stores. However, factory mixes with additional plasticizers are thought to be superior because they use less and are simpler to use. Depending on the wall site, the product’s protective qualities may change if it is not mixed well.
The following steps must be taken in order to prepare 1 ton of composition with a density of 2700 kg/cube cm:
- Timular cement – 60 kg;
- baritic sand – 800 kg;
- simple sand – 55 kg;
- PVA – 5.5 l;
- water – in the required volume (approximately 0.9 l/1 kg of cement).
Mix the dry ingredients thoroughly before adding water to dilute the glue. Additionally, the mixture is applied straight away to the intended use. Plastering walls requires a thicker mass, while filling floors requires a slightly slurry application.
The technology of plastering surfaces
The work is done at a temperature between +15 and +35 degrees, with less than 75% humidity. Mechanized methods are not employed; manual action is required. If the solution is not applied for 45 minutes, it will start to take hold. If the thickness of each layer is not between 0.5 and 1 cm, drying time will be shortened.
Work with walls
The base must first be properly prepared; the old coating must be removed, the pits must be sealed with cement mixtures, chips must be embroidered, and large cracks must be covered. To get rid of lubricants, oil, fat, and oil product stains, degrease the surface. Dust, dust is swept away. priming the base twice and letting each coat of primer dry completely.
Additionally, the following order is followed when performing the work:
- Reinforcement. The reinforcing grid is attached to the walls using dowels of suitable length. Fix it with pulling, so that there is no sagging. Similar nets are attached to every 1.5 cm layer of baritic plaster.
- Application of the first layer. Take a spatula, evenly apply the starting layer with a thickness of 1 cm. Before its hardening, shallow strips are drawn with an angle of the spatula to enhance adhesion with the second layer. Let the plaster dry for 4 hours.
- Application of the remaining layers. All subsequent layers in thickness should be 0.5 cm. Between them, new reinforcing nets are attached (after 3 such layers) and continue to work until the coating reaches the desired overall thickness. The finish is dried at least 7 days. So that there are no cracks on the plaster, cover it with a film on top.
- Finish. The last layer is polished by a machine or manually, then glued the walls with wallpaper or painted, applied decorative plaster.
Methodology for pouring baritic plaster with a thick layer
Use the formwork to pour the coating if the layer is fairly wide (greater than 20 mm), rather than applying it with a spatula. The reinforcing nets are positioned so that the height of the dowel hats equals the total thickness of the finish before the formwork is installed.
Writing from boards
Formwork should be prepared using shields or trimming boards that have a 2 cm thickness. Determine the shields’ dimensions by taking measurements on the wall. At least two shields are installed if the wall is higher than three meters. You can restrict yourself to one lengthy product in other circumstances. The shields should be approximately one meter tall. Every 100 cm, there are 3*5 cm-sized vertical stiffness ribs.
In order to set up formwork acts as follows:
- They fix the boards and rails, press them to each other with the help of stops and wedges;
- collect shields, check the evenness of their entire plane (if necessary, correct the position of individual elements);
- put shields to the wall, fixed with corner supports, taking into account the position of the hats of dowels;
- evaluate the location of the shields with a level;
- The solution is poured into the formwork, vibration stations are used to compact it;
- After hardening the mixture, the formwork is removed (after about a week), lift it above and repeat the entire cycle;
- The top of the wall is placed manually.
Paul protection
Because baritic plaster-based concrete is not as durable as regular concrete, a traditional screed is poured over it prior to the installation of heavy machinery. The mixture is lined up with the guideline and the beacons are positioned level before pouring.
Purrender of the ceiling
Pollution is removed from the base, and cement mortar is used to seal any cracks. Using a roller, the surface is primed twice in different directions. The beacons are positioned straight from the baritic plaster or the metal rails are fastened in order to improve the plaster clutch with the base. Initially, cement milk is added using a bucket. Subsequently, they are plastered using the same method as walls.
Recommendations for the application and operation of baritic mixtures
Only specialized plaster work should be done under strict adherence to technology and with a specific level of experience. If the base is porous, moisten it before applying the mixture to lower the chance of cracks.
Nighttime moisture penetration of the plastered walls occurs at temperatures above +22 degrees. It is not possible to use fans or other forced drying devices after applying the mixture. The entire wiring system is installed prior to plastering since stealing the barite coating will lessen its protective qualities.
Topic | Protection against X-ray radiation using baritic plaster |
Material | Baritic plaster is used for its high density and ability to absorb X-ray radiation. |
Application | Commonly applied in medical facilities, X-ray rooms, and laboratories. |
Benefits | Provides effective shielding, is durable, and can be easily applied to walls and ceilings. |
Installation | Requires professional handling to ensure proper thickness and coverage for effective protection. |
Maintenance | Regular inspections are necessary to maintain integrity and effectiveness over time. |
An efficient and useful way to protect against X-ray radiation in a variety of settings, such as industrial and medical facilities, is to use baritic plaster. Baritic plaster’s special composition, which includes barium sulfate, makes it able to absorb and block X-rays, greatly lowering the chance of radiation exposure. Because of this, it is a necessary component of buildings that are safe and complied with and have X-ray machines.
The simplicity of application of baritic plaster is one of its main benefits. Applying it is similar to applying traditional plaster, which makes it an easy option for both new construction and renovations. Because of its adaptability, it can also be applied to surfaces that need radiation shielding, such as walls and ceilings. Baritic plaster can also be painted over, providing for a customizable aesthetic without sacrificing its protective qualities.
In addition to being protective, baritic plaster is strong and long-lasting. After application, it requires little upkeep and offers dependable radiation protection for many years. For establishments that must follow stringent radiation safety regulations, baritic plaster is an affordable alternative due to its strength and efficient shielding capabilities.
To sum up, baritic plaster is an extremely strong, adaptable, and efficient material for radiation protection against X-rays. It is a desirable option for a wide range of projects due to its ease of application and maintenance. Baritic plaster is a workable and reliable solution for any environment where radiation protection is a top concern.