Types, composition and features of mosaic plaster

Mosaic plaster is a decorative and adaptable finishing material that gives surfaces and walls a distinctive look. It is made up of a blend of quartz, marble chips, and tiny stones held together by colored or clear resin. This combination improves the surface’s durability while also producing an aesthetically pleasing texture.

The composition of mosaic plaster is one of its most notable qualities. There are countless design options due to the natural stone aggregates’ range of colors and sizes. The binder, which is frequently silicone or acrylic based, makes sure that the plaster sticks to various surfaces well and leaves a long-lasting finish. Because of this, mosaic plaster can be used in indoor and outdoor settings.

In addition to its aesthetic appeal, mosaic plaster is valued for its functional advantages. It has a strong defense against UV rays, weather, and mechanical harm. Because of its durability, it’s a great option for facades exposed to harsh environmental elements and high traffic areas. It is also perfect for use in bathrooms, kitchens, and other damp areas because of its water-resistant qualities.

The simplicity of application of mosaic plaster is an additional benefit. In comparison to other decorative finishes, it is relatively easy to apply, though professional installation is advised for optimal results. Making sure the substrate is smooth, dry, and clean requires careful surface preparation. After it is applied, mosaic plaster needs very little upkeep to keep its attractive appearance and protective properties for many years.

Type	Description
Natural Stone Mosaic Plaster	Made from crushed natural stones. Offers a natural look and is durable. Suitable for exterior and interior use.
Colored Glass Mosaic Plaster	Contains small pieces of colored glass. Creates a vibrant, decorative finish. Best for interior walls.
Marble Chip Mosaic Plaster	Uses marble chips as the main component. Provides a luxurious appearance and is highly durable. Ideal for both interiors and exteriors.
Synthetic Mosaic Plaster	Made from synthetic materials. Often more affordable and available in a variety of colors. Suitable for indoor use.

Features and scope of application

Natural stone crumbs are added to an acrylic resin or other astringent base construction mixture to create decorative mosaic plaster. Numerous rocks, including granite and marble, are used as filler. The composition of spying pigments is added in addition to the crumbs to give the plaster the appropriate shade. In order to help the material acquire the required operational qualities, it may also contain additional materials such as cement, gypsum, silicone, latex, lime, and silicates.

One or more kinds of rocks can be used in mosaic plaster, which solidifies into a coating with a relief surface and transparent glasses scattered with multicolored pebbles.

In order to avoid discomfort during tactile contact, rounded shapes in various sizes are typically employed in their production.

This kind of plaster works well for facing interior walls, columns, frescoes, niches, and other interior features, as well as the facade, basement, and other exterior structures. The material can be finished with multi-story buildings and office buildings because it is not afraid of UV radiation and will keep its color brightness for many years.

Advantages and disadvantages

There are several benefits to using natural stone-based plaster:

• resistance to temperature differences, moisture, precipitation, wind, chemicals;
• the ability to wash the coating, including water under pressure and solutions with detergents;
• vapor permeability, lack of harmful effect on the microclimate in the house, the exclusion of moisture accumulation under the coating and propagation of the fungus, mold;
• long life while maintaining an attractive appearance;
• Universality: suitability for surfaces made of stone, brick, cement, concrete, GCL, starting plaster;

• a large assortment of fractions, color solutions, the basis, the possibility of creating a unique interior, compliance with different styles;
• concealment of the shortcomings of the base: cracks, irregularities, other defects;
• high plasticity and elasticity, the ability to withstand shrinkage and even small earthquakes without damage;
• resistance to mechanical exposure, the absence of scratches and chips even with long operation;
• Lightness in laying, the possibility of creating ordinary decoration and various artistic elements;
• Seamlessness, the formation of a monolithic surface without joints.

The primary disadvantage of the material is its high cost. If your walls are insulated with glass wool or mineral wool, you cannot apply resin-based mosaic plaster; instead, you must modify the insulation or select an alternative finish material. If you would like to drastically alter the interior, you will need to put in a lot of effort because the coating is difficult to remove.

Types of mosaic plaster

The plaster is separated into groups based on the area of use:

• for external work (facade);
• for internal work (decorative);
• Universal.

The material is also categorized based on the type of base and filler, as well as the size of the particles that make up the material.

Diameter

Based on the size of the stone fragments, mosaic plasters can be:

• coarse (1.5-3 mm);
• medium -fractional (1.2–1.5 mm);
• fine -fractional (0.9–1.2 mm);
• Thin -texture (less than 0.9 mm).

Material

Numerous kinds of rocks can be used to make mosaic plaster. Each determines the material’s appearance, technical features, and physical attributes. The most common plasters are made of marble, quartz, granite, malachite, azure, and onyx; thus, you can see the marble, quartz, etc., on the packaging. There are mixed materials that include multiple rock types available for purchase.

Plasters vary and are classified into different types based on the astringent.

1. Acrylic. The composition contains polymer acrylic resins, due to the presence of which the material gains plasticity, resistance to shock. Such plasters are easily applied, they are inexpensive, because they are very popular among the finishes.
2. Mineral. Based on lime, cement, gypsum. For external work, mainly cement plasters are used with the addition of a small amount of lime, for internal – gypsum. All mineral mixtures are vapor permeability, high strength at a low cost.
3. Silicate. Contain potassium glass, grasp perfectly with the base, quickly hard, take any shape. Have increased strength and wear resistance. The price of such plasters is an order of magnitude higher than that of mineral and acrylic.

1. Silicone. The composition of these plasters has artificial rubber (silicone resin). They are usually used for interior decoration due to average resistance to mechanical damage. Funds form a strong elastic coating, easily washing and completely unwilling moisture.

Mosaic plaster, a versatile finishing material made of colored quartz or marble granules mixed with a transparent binder, is well-known for its distinctive decorative appeal. Its composition makes it perfect for both interior and exterior surfaces because it not only gives a vibrant, textured appearance but also durability and resistance to impact and weather. Because it is simple to use, maintain, and clean, this kind of plaster is well-liked for protecting and enhancing the visual appeal of walls in both residential and commercial settings.

Necessary tools

In order to do plastering work, you’ll need to buy supplies and consumables in addition to the primary material in an amount that matches the size of the room:

• grater and half at the same time;
• kelm and spatulas of different sizes;
• textured rollers, stamps, stencils;
• Mastery adhesive tape;
• basic plaster;
• primer and brush;
• polyethylene.

Surface preparation

Mosaic plaster can correct minor base imperfections, but overall the alignment should be consistent and not greatly differ from one another. Pits and cracks are sealed with starting plaster after the previous coating is removed. The latter should ideally be white or another extremely light color, as the black coating may alter the primary finish’s hue. Using a plumb line or level, check the wall’s evenness diagonally, vertically, and horizontally.

Following alignment, priming is done with the intention of making the plaster stick to the base more firmly and applying the mixture more densely. In order to allow the primer to dry out, it is applied in two to three layers separated by a few hours. The brush strokes are applied haphazardly, creating a faint ribbed relief. Sand (quartz) primer can be applied in a shade that closely resembles the plaster color.

Technology and conditions for applying to basements and facades

Working with outside parties necessitates paying close attention to the steps in the process and taking experts’ advice into consideration.

Environmental conditions

If the weather is dry, late spring is the ideal time to apply the plaster. 60% is the highest humidity indicator that can be used. Facades and basements cannot be plagued by rain, snow, extreme cold, or intense heat. Ideally, it should be between 22 and 25 degrees outside.

Rules for applying plaster

The completed plaster mixture is first thoroughly mixed. If the composition is to be used in a dry form, it must be diluted with water according to the instructions and then beaten using a drill bit with the appropriate nozzle or construction mixer.

Using a spatula, the solution is applied in small sections from corner to corner across the facade or basement surface. Gently massage the cell’s mass while maintaining a small angle and light pressure with the tool. They drive the kelm without undermining, either randomly or vertically, but not in circular motions (preferably from the bottom up).

Applying the second layer right after the first doesn’t require waiting. behave similarly, resulting in a coating that is 4–8 mm thick overall. After that, use a grater to even out and smooth the wall by removing any spaces between the grains.

Crushing the mixture firmly on the grater is not required because doing so will cause the glue slurry to escape and strips to emerge from the tool’s edges. They wait for them to dry before giving them a gentle grating treatment to create corners. The plaster is covered with plastic film for three to four days while it dries, and then the film is taken off.

The steps involved in applying the solution to the metal are as follows:

1. Any foci of corrosion are removed from the base.
2. A special primer is applied with anticorrosive properties and a granular structure.
3. Plaster is applied in 2 thin layers (no more than 2-3 mm each).

Painting tape is used to seal the borders where the color joints will be if a multicolored facade is to be designed. A specific shade of mosaic plaster is applied with overlap on adhesive tape, and the protection is removed right away when the project is finished. After adhering the fresh tape strip to a base that has already been prepared, apply the second shade of plaster. The two colors will blend together beautifully and evenly as a result. Using stencils, roll a roller over raw plaster to create designs.

Using indoor plastering

Materials that contain very little filler are ideal for interior design. The most common places for it to be used are offices, homes, balconies, and hallways. Plaster for the kitchen sink and apron is equally important. Not only does the mosaic coating at the corners and arches look fantastic, but it shields these areas from harm.

After carefully drying the well-aligned walls, mosaic plaster is applied. Priming the quartz soil’s base with a neutral shade is a requirement. Indoors, one layer of material is usually sufficient. A spatula and a cell work together in a standard order.

Following application, the mixture is sponged, wiped with half, and rubbed with a grater or rolled with a roller. Place the stencil on the wall, cover the inside with plaster, smooth it out, and polish it to create an eye-catching design. The stencil is taken off when it has dried completely.

Drying and finishing

Natural drying should take place without the use of heating appliances. In a closed room, the material usually takes no more than 48 hours to dry. In the real world, the procedure might take up to four days. Following curing, the plastered base can be covered with a glazing composition, varnish, or wax. These funds increase the brightness and provide more defense against moisture, damage, dust, and fat.

Mixture consumption and damage restoration

The type of filler fraction affects the rate of material consumption. The following is an estimate of the mass consumption per square meter of the surface:

• fraction 0.5–1 mm – 2-3 kg;
• fraction 1–1.5 mm – 3-4 kg;
• fraction of 1.5–2 mm – 4–5.5 kg;
• Fraction 2-3 mm – 5–7.5 kg.

Because of its great strength, damage to the material happens very infrequently. In the event that this occurs, you will need to carefully remove the problematic area, apply a primer to the chipped site, and then carefully rub the joint area with the same-colored plaster.

For surfaces inside and outside, mosaic plaster offers a distinctive and eye-catching finish. The tiny, colorful stones embedded in the plaster give it a unique appearance by giving it a textured and colorful appearance. Because of its great versatility, this kind of plaster can be designed in a variety of ways to accommodate different aesthetic tastes.

The usual ingredients of mosaic plaster are resin, natural stone granules, and additional ingredients that improve the material’s adherence and durability. As a binding agent, the resin makes sure the plaster sticks to surfaces and the stones stay in their proper places. Because of this material combination, mosaic plaster is strong and long-lasting in addition to being aesthetically pleasing.

Mosaic plaster is a great material for exterior applications because of its resistance to weather. This is one of its main characteristics. It maintains its brilliant color and texture even in the face of moisture, UV radiation, and temperature changes. Its surface is also easily cleaned, making it a sensible choice for high-traffic areas where upkeep is an issue.

It takes some skill to apply mosaic plaster with evenness and aesthetic appeal. It’s crucial to properly prepare the surface and apply the plaster consistently. Even though it’s possible to do it yourself, many people would rather hire experts to guarantee the best results. Mosaic plaster can transform any space into an eye-catching environment when applied properly.

All things considered, mosaic plaster is a great material for anyone wishing to give their walls a beautiful and long-lasting finish. Its distinct features and composition make it appropriate for a variety of uses, from elevating a building’s exterior appeal to bringing a touch of elegance to interior areas. Mosaic plaster, whether used for residential or commercial projects, provides an unmatched blend of beauty and functionality.

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