Politur – the ancient composition for wood processing

Woodworkers have been searching for the best ways to enhance and preserve the beauty of wood for centuries. The use of politur is among the most ancient and highly esteemed methods. This traditional wood processing mixture has been treasured for its capacity to enhance the wood’s inherent luster while providing both visual appeal and protection.

Politur, also known as a kind of varnish or polish, has a long and illustrious history that extends back to the beginning of woodworking. Its formulation has been handed down through the generations, changing slightly over time without ever losing sight of its main objective. Because it is created from natural materials rather than synthetic ones like those found in modern finishes, traditional craftsmen who appreciate sustainability and authenticity favor politur.

Applying politur is a painstaking procedure that not only protects the wood but also brings out its color and grain. A deep, rich finish that synthetic products frequently fall short of is achieved with this treatment. The labor-intensive process of applying paint illustrates the commitment and expertise needed to become an expert in this field, guaranteeing that the finished piece is a genuine work of art.

Politur is still regarded as a mark of excellent workmanship today. The timeless beauty and durability of wood are still demonstrated by the use of it in both new and antique furniture restoration. To fully appreciate the depth of this age-old technique, one must have a solid understanding of politur, whether they are an avid woodworker or just enjoy beautiful woodwork.

Topic	Politur – the ancient composition for wood processing
What is Politur?	Politur is a traditional finish used to protect and enhance the appearance of wood surfaces.
Main Ingredients	Shellac dissolved in alcohol, often with added oils for smooth application.
Historical Use	Popular in the 18th and 19th centuries for fine furniture and musical instruments.
Application Method	Applied with a cloth pad in multiple thin layers, polished to a high gloss.
Benefits	Gives a warm, rich finish and highlights the natural beauty of the wood grain.
Limitations	Less durable than modern finishes and can be sensitive to heat and alcohol.
Modern Relevance	Still used by craftsmen and restorers for its aesthetic qualities and traditional appeal.

Politur – what is it

Politura is defined as a mixture consisting of alcohol, solvent, and additional ingredients along with natural resins, intended for use in the decorative finishing of wood furniture and other interior pieces. The product’s primary purpose is to polish wood, enhance its appearance, add a lovely mirror, and draw attention to the material’s inherent texture.

The 17th century saw the introduction of the politicalist. Particularly well-liked in France was she. Although the compositions are used less frequently now that the matte textures of the tree are in, they are still frequently used to restore antique goods or to adorn specific interior pieces. A political officer can additionally:

• process wood previously covered with a stain to give shine;
• conservation of painting, a colorful layer of icons;
• cover the body of musical instruments;
• replace furniture varnish;
• Combine with gilding work with susal gold.

The shellac polytheure that is obtained from shellac is the most popular. The latter is made by diluting a liquid that resembles the wax secreted by tropical insects (varnish blacks) with alcohol. The primary benefit of this type of processing is that, once polished, the wood will no longer be able to identify dangerous materials, making the process completely safe for human use. The product has the option to be polished to a mirror shine and flawless smoothness, which looks very appealing.

Types

Politur comes in a variety of colors, making it simple to select wood in a variety of breeds and tones.

"Button"

This composition features a stunning shade of golden yellow. It is constructed from the best possible shellac. The "button" policy gets its name from the way it is released, which is by pouring it into round, flat monsters that are roughly 5 cm in size. When the material solidifies, it takes on the appearance of buttons and all of its purity is revealed to the light. Nevertheless, flakes of golden polythera are also produced.

Ordinary

Orange flakes made with shellac are the "classic" polytheure. Their exceptional quality and high level of purity define them. The wood turns a light brown color after processing.

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Dark

The polytheure of pomegranates is reddish-brown in color. It works perfectly with materials that are other dark colors or red wood. Processing highlights the tone’s inherent beauty, revitalizes and improves it, and gives the tree a cozier appearance.

White

The finish coating light (white) shellac polytheure is applied to light wood products as well as bleached and lightened objects. The material is created when the shellac discolors. It essentially preserves the natural color of the wood while showcasing its inherent beauty to the fullest. The mixture can be applied to a tree as a primer before waxing.

Transparent

A policy like that has no color at all. It is created when wax is extracted from shellac that has already been bleached. When it’s necessary to preserve the primary wood tone while adding a little shine to the product, this tool is employed.

Color

To add a particular color to these compositions, pigments were added. The most common colors of products on sale are black, red, and green. The piano is typically covered by the former. Green political agents have the ability to subdue the brightness of the "Mahagon’s" natural shade, which is red in its natural form. Processing also gives it an aged appearance. Conversely, Red Politur incorporates juices with brown and reddish-brown wood varieties.

Types of funds in composition

All politicians can be categorized into one of two groups based on their makeup:

• Shellac;
• Iditol;
• icphone-ideidol;
• nitro -cellulose;
• Birch bark.

Shellac polyter is used to provide superior polishing while maintaining the color and texture of wood objects. Although solutions with 5–20% shellac are available for purchase, the most valuable compositions have a strength of up to 92–96 degrees and consist of 11% shellac and 89% ethyl alcohol. They are frequently produced on-site in furniture factories. Light shellac that has been bleached or naturally yellowed is used to prepare shellac polythery. In cheaper compounds, there might be a variety of impurities such as water and plant wax. Polishing with these types of materials will give the product a softer sheen.

10% to 15% of the idytol-synthetic resin dissolved in alcohol is included in yiditolic politicians. Their quality is inferior to shellac’s, they dry more slowly, are harder to apply, and have a tiny bit of light resistance. After being processed by the idytol politicalist, the coatings usually turn reddish-brown. Similar traits and qualities set canipholic-ideidol waters apart. Rosin, a byproduct of coniferous tree resin, is also added to these waters.

The VK-1 brand of nitro-cellulose agents is exclusively utilized for the processing of nitropolitances. They can’t be regarded as eco-friendly. The composition includes:

• colloxilin;
• formaldehyde resins;
• plasticizers;
• organic solvents;
• nitrocellulose;
• abytin resin and t. D.

Birch pounds, a concoction of butyle alcohol, terpentine oil, birch bark resin, and ethyl alcohol, are sometimes offered for sale.

Application of the material

In order to use a polytheur, you must adhere to all technological nuances and possess a specific level of experience. In order to complete the task quickly, the tree needs to be properly prepared:

• clean from dust, dirt;
• Rinse and rub any spots;
• thoroughly polish to smoothness;
• apply a wooden primer or shellac wax;
• After drying the soil, again polish to eliminate the smallest defects.

Production of a sponge

Applying the polytheur with a sponge—which can be purchased ready-made—works best. You can also create a sponge by hand using materials like regular cotton wool or stuffing material for furniture. The following will be the work order:

• Take about the handful of the stuffing;
• with your hands, give the material the shape of the egg;
• Put an “egg” in the middle of a piece of linen fabric (approximately 30*30 cm);
• wrap the upper corner, then fold the edges of the flap;
• Gather free ends together, squeeze in the palm of your hand;
• Smooth the folds that were formed on the "egg".

Impregnation

If the bottle has a handy nozzle, you can use it to directly pour the composition onto the sponge. It is imperative that the water fills the tampon’s filler without leaking out of it. Pressing the impregnated swab against a piece of black tree just before work is necessary to help the liquid cover the product evenly later on. Apply a small amount of natural linseed oil to the sole to enhance gliding.

Politur"s application

Working quickly with a political officer is crucial because there isn’t much time for alcohol to evaporate and fixing any errors will be challenging. In most cases, you will need to use a sponge or swab, but if the Politur package says it can be applied with a brush, you can use one. It is crucial that no cotton wool fragments are left on the wood by the swab.

A thin layer of political is applied by moving the swab in circular motions over a flat, horizontal surface. Every subsequent smear ought to cover its predecessor. If the smear dries almost instantly and no flows form, then everything went according to plan. The product needs to be wiped with a soft cloth if there is excess. In order to prevent the polytheure from flowing out of the tampon and instead absorbing into the surface, the pressure should be low. The movements must continue; otherwise, the swab will stick and contaminate a particular polishing area. will need to use a skin to dry and grind the product.

They start applying the polytheur again after processing the whole subject area, forming "eight" movements in the process. The substance will be distributed more evenly if the strokes are changed. The subsequent layers are applied parallel to the wood fibers using rectilinear strokes. After applying four to five layers altogether, they let the product dry for a full day. A day later, after polishing the streams and dust particles, they start the process again in the same sequence. Superior polishing wood typically requires up to 15–20 layers of politician.

Coating of shaped edges and carved products

A standard tampon is used to treat wood products with edges that are small in size and have a slight depth. Using a gentle brush, one can remove deeper striations, recesses, and grooves after slightly diluting the water first. Investing in a high-quality brush made of squirrel hairs is preferable. Working swiftly is essential to avoid compliments and bumps. Sanding should be done on the site once all of the layers have been applied.

Alcohol treatment

The treated surface develops tiny stripes as a result of the application of linen lubricant. Use a sponge that has been slightly moistened with alcohol to create an extremely even and glossy finish. Apply light pressure while moving the sponge in parallel lines to ensure even and seamless action on it. At the end of every smear, the sponge is raised. Drizzle in more alcohol if needed. They keep checking to see if defects have vanished until the surface reaches the appropriate processing quality. The wood is polished with a gentle dry cloth 30 minutes after the "alcohol" and then left for a week to complete the curing process.

Matte coating

Occasionally, the master’s plans do not call for the application of mirror coating. In this instance, surface mativity can be given even after the polytheure is applied. This is accomplished by using a class 000 cloth that has been moistened with wax mastic to wipe a wire. Motions ought to line up with the areas where earlier blows overlap. A soft cloth dipped in wax mastic is used to polish the wood once it has become matte.

Application of a special and ordinary polythery

Applying special polythera to the surface requires using a brush with consistent strokes. The coating is polished with a unique skin containing silicon particles after an hour, and only then are the subsequent layers applied. Repeat these actions multiple times. As previously mentioned, wood is used to spread the common polythera using a cotton swab or sponge.

For centuries, people have valued Politur, a traditional wood treatment, for its capacity to improve and shield wooden surfaces. This classic mixture, which frequently consists of natural oils and resins, permeates the wood deeply to give it a glossy sheen and a strong defense against deterioration from the elements. Polituri, highly regarded by artisans for its ease of use and efficiency, is still the preferred option for anyone wishing to maintain the longevity and inherent beauty of their wooden objects. Polishing new woodwork or restoring antique furniture, Politur’s tried-and-true method consistently yields superb results.

Politur"s pros and cons of

The following are some benefits of applying a substance:

• external attractiveness, beautiful shine;
• mirror smoothness and radiance;
• quick absorption into any surface, excellent sticking;
• the possibility of shallowing small surface defects.

There are drawbacks to this kind of wood finish as well. Because it is not a stand for mechanical loads, it is easily scratched. Additionally, the surface will be harmed by moisture, high air humidity, and harsh temperatures. A sudden spike in temperature could cause the coating to completely blur. There will always be noticeable white patches if alcohol gets inside. The drawbacks should also take into account the challenges posed by the technology and the lengthy nature of the work.

With centuries of history behind it, Politur has a rich history as a wood processing solution. Craftsmen love it for its special formula, which is usually a mixture of alcohol, shellac, and different oils, and how well it protects and enhances wooden surfaces. Furniture and other wooden objects have an exquisite, polished appearance thanks to the application of politur, which produces a unique glossy finish that highlights the natural beauty of the wood grain.

Beyond its visual appeal, politur has many other benefits. This age-old recipe is renowned for its robustness and longevity. It creates a shield that keeps out moisture, dust, and small scratches, prolonging the life of wooden objects. Politurized woodwork is a practical option for upkeep because it is also quite simple to apply and can be refreshed or repaired without completely removing the finish.

Politurium has been around for a while, but it’s still relevant because of its time-tested efficacy and the classic look it gives wood. Individuals who appreciate sustainability and handicraft will find its natural ingredients and simple application method appealing. Politur provides a means for both professionals and enthusiasts to engage with traditional woodworking methods and produce stunning, durable outcomes.

In conclusion, politur is more than simply a finish; it’s evidence of the time-tested methods used in wood processing. It is an invaluable tool in the toolbox of any woodworker because of its capacity to preserve and adorn wood. Politur offers a timeless touch that is suitable for both new creations and antique restoration.

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